Mechanical engineers – NOC : 2132

Unit Group

2132 Mechanical engineers

Mechanical engineers research, design and develop machinery and systems for heating, ventilating and air conditioning, power generation, transportation, processing and manufacturing. They also perform duties related to the evaluation, installation, operation and maintenance of mechanical systems. Mechanical engineers are employed by consulting firms, by power-generating utilities and in a wide range of manufacturing, processing and transportation industries, or they may be self-employed.

Example Titles

acoustics engineer

automotive engineer

design engineer – mechanical

energy conservation engineer

engineer, power generation

fluid mechanics engineer

heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) engineer

mechanical engineer

mechanical maintenance engineer

nuclear engineer

piping engineer

refrigeration engineer

robotics engineer

thermal design engineer

tool engineer

View all titles

Main duties

Mechanical engineers perform some or all of the following duties:
Conduct research into the feasibility, design, operation and performance of mechanisms, components and systems
Plan and manage projects, and prepare material, cost and timing estimates, reports and design specifications for machinery and systems
Design power plants, machines, components, tools, fixtures and equipment
Analyze dynamics and vibrations of mechanical systems and structures
Supervise and inspect the installation, modification and commissioning of mechanical systems at construction sites or in industrial facilities
Develop maintenance standards, schedules and programs and provide guidance to industrial maintenance crews
Investigate mechanical failures or unexpected maintenance problems
Prepare contract documents and evaluate tenders for industrial construction or maintenance
Supervise technicians, technologists and other engineers and review and approve designs, calculations and cost estimates.

Employment requirements

A bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering or in a related engineering discipline is required.
A master’s degree or doctorate in a related engineering discipline may be required.
Licensing by a provincial or territorial association of professional engineers is required to approve engineering drawings and reports and to practise as a Professional Engineer (P.Eng.).
Engineers are eligible for registration following graduation from an accredited educational program, and after three or four years of supervised work experience in engineering and passing a professional practice examination.

Additional information

There is considerable mobility between mechanical engineering specializations at the less senior levels.
Supervisory and senior positions in this unit group require experience.
Mechanical engineers work closely with civil, electrical, aerospace, chemical, industrial and other engineers, and mobility is possible between some fields of specialization in these disciplines.
Engineers often work in a multidisciplinary environment and acquire knowledge and skills through work experience that may allow them to practise in associated areas of science, engineering, sales, marketing or management.

Classified elsewhere

Engineering managers (0211)
Industrial and manufacturing engineers (2141)
Metallurgical and materials engineers (2142)
Power engineers or stationary engineers (in 9241 Power engineers and power systems operators )

Air traffic controllers and related occupations – NOC : 2272

Unit Group

2272 Air traffic controllers and related occupations

Air traffic controllers direct air traffic within assigned airspace, and control moving aircraft and service vehicles at airports. Flight service specialists provide pilots with flight information essential to aviation safety. Flight dispatchers authorize airline flights over assigned routes. Air traffic controllers and flight service specialists are employed by NAV Canada and the Canadian Forces. Flight dispatchers are employed by airline and air services companies and by the Canadian Forces.

Example Titles

air traffic controller (ATC)

airport air traffic controller

enroute air traffic controller

flight dispatcher

flight service specialist (FSS)

instrument flight rules air traffic controller

terminal air traffic controller

visual flight rules air traffic controller

View all titles

Main duties

Air traffic controllers perform some or all of the following duties:

Control flow of air traffic within assigned airspace using radar monitors, radio and other communication equipment and visual references
Issue aircraft takeoff and landing instructions to pilots and relay meteorological, navigational and other information to pilots in flight
Maintain radio and telephone contact with adjacent control towers, terminal control units and other area control centres, and co-ordinate movement of aircraft into adjoining areas
Alert airport emergency services when aircraft are experiencing difficulties and report missing aircraft to search and rescue services
Direct activities of all moving aircraft and service vehicles on or near airport runways.

Flight service specialists perform some or all of the following duties:

Provide pre-flight information concerning current and forecast weather conditions, radio frequencies, terrain, airports and related data to assist pilots in preparation of flight plans
Check flight plans for completeness and accuracy and forward flight plans to air traffic services facility
Respond to radio calls from aircraft preparing for takeoff or landing and supply information such as weather conditions, wind speed and direction and presence of local air traffic
Support air traffic control operations by relaying radio requests for flight clearances, arrival and departure information and position reports
Alert airport emergency services of aircraft experiencing difficulties and initiate communication searches when aircraft become overdue
Observe, record and report weather conditions at airports.

Flight dispatchers perform some or all of the following duties:

Analyze environmental conditions and assess aircraft for load and fuel capacity and other factors to determine flight routes
Brief flight crew before takeoff on weather conditions, status of navigational facilities and airports en route
Co-sign flight authorization with aircraft captain
Monitor progress of flight and communicate as required with aircraft during flight
Delay or cancel flights if conditions warrant
Prepare and maintain flight plans, flight logs and other reports.

Employment requirements

Completion of secondary school is required.
A basic radio telephone operator’s licence is required.
Air traffic controllers and flight service specialists require completion of a NAV Canada training program which includes structured in-class and on-the-job training.
Air traffic controllers require an air traffic controller’s licence.
Flight dispatchers may require experience in air traffic control or flight operations and may require a private pilot’s licence.

Additional information

Air traffic controllers with experience and appropriate NAV Canada endorsements may move to units with higher volumes of air traffic.

Classified elsewhere

Railway traffic controllers and marine traffic regulators (2275)

Judges – NOC : 4111

Unit Group

4111 Judges

Judges adjudicate civil and criminal cases and administer justice in courts of law. Judges preside over federal and provincial courts.

Example Titles

Court of Queen’s Bench justice

Supreme Court justice

chief justice

county court judge

district court judge

family court judge

federal trial court justice

provincial court of appeal justice

small claims court judge

superior court justice

View all titles

Main duties

Judges perform some or all of the following duties:

Preside over courts of law, interpret and enforce rules of procedure and make rulings regarding the admissibility of evidence
Instruct the jury on laws that are applicable to the case
Weigh and consider evidence in non-jury trials and decide legal guilt or innocence or degree of liability of the accused or defendant
Pass sentence on persons convicted in criminal cases and determine damages or other appropriate remedy in civil cases
Grant divorces and divide assets between spouses
Determine custody of children between contesting parents and other guardians
Enforce court orders for access or support
Supervise other judges and court officers.

Judges may specialize in particular areas of law such as civil, criminal or family law.

Employment requirements

Extensive experience as a lawyer or as a professor of law with continuous membership in the bar association is usually required.
Membership in good standing with a provincial or territorial law society or bar association is required.
Judges are appointed by federal or provincial cabinets.
Those appointed to more senior positions in a court, such as chief justice, usually have experience as judges in that court.

Classified elsewhere

Administrative tribunal judges (in 0411 Government managers – health and social policy development and program administration )
Citizenship court judges (in 1227 Court officers and justices of the peace )
Justices of the Peace (in 1227 Court officers and justices of the peace )

Social workers – NOC : 4152

Unit Group

4152 Social workers

Social workers help individuals, couples, families, groups, communities and organizations develop the skills and resources they need to enhance social functioning and provide counselling, therapy and referral to other supportive social services. Social workers also respond to other social needs and issues such as unemployment, racism and poverty. They are employed by hospitals, school boards, social service agencies, child welfare organizations, correctional facilities, community agencies, employee assistance programs and Aboriginal band councils, or they may work in private practice.

Example Titles

co-ordinator of social work

medical social worker

psychiatric social worker

social work supervisor

social worker

View all titles

Main duties

Social workers perform some or all of the following duties:

Interview clients individually, in families, or in groups, to assess their situation and problems and determine the types of services required
Provide counsel and therapy to assist clients in developing skills to deal with and resolve their social and personal problems
Plan programs of assistance for clients including referral to agencies that provide financial assistance, legal aid, housing, medical treatment and other services
Investigate cases of child abuse or neglect and take authorized protective action when necessary
Serve as members on interdisciplinary teams of professionals working with client groups
Act as advocates for client groups in the community, lobby for solutions to problems directly affecting client groups and develop prevention and intervention programs to meet community needs
Develop or advise on social policy legislation, conduct social research and assist in community development
Provide mediation services and psychosocial assessments
Evaluate the effectiveness of counselling and social programs
May provide public education and consultation to professionals or groups regarding counselling services, issues and methods
May supervise other social workers.

Social workers may specialize in fields of practice such as child welfare, family services, corrections, gerontology or addictions.

Employment requirements

A bachelor’s degree in social work is required in Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, British Columbia, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut.
In Alberta, a bachelor’s degree or diploma in social work is required.
Supervised practical experience is usually required.
Successful completion of provincial written and oral examinations may be required.
Registration with a provincial governing body is mandatory to practise as a social worker in Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario and Alberta.
Use of the titles "Social Worker" and "Registered Social Worker" is regulated in all provinces.
Membership in a provincial association of social workers is usually required.

Classified elsewhere

Educational counsellors (4033)
Family, marriage and other related counsellors (4153)
Managers in social, community and correctional services (0423)
Social and community service workers (4212)

Other religious occupations – NOC : 4217

Unit Group

4217 Other religious occupations

This unit group includes brothers, nuns, monks, religious education workers and others who provide support to ministers of religion or to a religious community and who perform certain functions associated with the practice of a religion. They may perform these duties in churches, synagogues, temples or other places of worship or in institutions such as schools, hospitals and prisons.

Example Titles

Christian science practitioner

Salvation Army field worker

brother/sister – religion

cantor

deacon

missionary

monk

nun

pastoral animator

religious education worker

View all titles

Main duties

The following is a summary of main duties for some occupations in this unit group:

Assist at services of public worship and religious rites
Provide religious education, spiritual guidance and moral support to members of a religious community
Administer programs providing food, clothing and shelter.

Employment requirements

Requirements range from completion of secondary school education to a university undergraduate degree, depending on the particular occupation and religion.
There may be other employment requirements depending on the particular occupation and religion.

Classified elsewhere

Professional occupations in religion (4154)

Fire chiefs and senior firefighting officers – NOC : 0432

Unit Group

0432 Fire chiefs and senior firefighting officers

Fire chiefs and senior firefighting officers plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate firefighting operations and fire prevention activities in fire departments. Fire chiefs and senior firefighting officers are employed by municipal and federal governments and by industrial establishments with firefighting services.

Example Titles

deputy fire chief

district fire chief

fire chief

View all titles

Main duties

Fire chiefs and senior firefighting officers perform some or all of the following duties:

Develop, implement and evaluate policies and procedures for the operation of a municipal fire department, a district fire region or an industrial firefighting service

Plan, direct and co-ordinate firefighting strategies for fire departments

Evaluate the type of fire, the extent of damage to buildings and the danger to nearby establishments

Direct activities at the scene of a fire

Determine damage estimates and investigate the potential causes of a fire after extinguished

Develop and oversee the implementation of security and fire prevention campaigns

Represent the fire department in communications with government, the media and the public

Direct the training of personnel in firefighting methods

Co-ordinate and monitor budget and departmental resources.

Employment requirements

Completion of secondary school is required.

Completion of a college program in fire protection technology, fire science or a related field is usually required.

Completion of a provincial or municipal firefighters training course is required.

A minimum of ten years of experience as a firefighter is usually required before becoming eligible for a senior officer position.

Classified elsewhere

Firefighters (4312)

Classification Structure – 0

Professional occupations in business management consulting – NOC : 1122

Unit Group

1122 Professional occupations in business management consulting

This unit group includes those who provide services to management such as analyzing the structure, operations, managerial methods or functions of an organization in order to propose, plan and implement improvements. They are employed by management consulting firms and throughout the public and private sectors or are self-employed.

Example Titles

ISO consultant

business management consultant

business methods analyst

consultant, organizational analysis

health information management consultant

management analyst

organizational analyst

records management specialist

researcher, organization and methods

senior consultant, operations management

View all titles

Main duties

Management consultants perform some or all of the following duties:

Analyze and provide advice on the managerial methods and organization of a public or private sector establishment

Conduct research to determine efficiency and effectiveness of managerial policies and programs

Conduct assessments and propose improvements to methods, systems and procedures in areas such as operations, human resources, records management and communications

Conduct quality audits and develop quality management and quality assurance standards for ISO (International Organization for Standardization) registration

Plan the reorganization of the operations of an establishment

May supervise contracted researchers or clerical staff.

Employment requirements

A bachelor’s degree or college diploma in business administration, commerce or a related discipline is usually required.

A graduate degree in business administration may be required.

Some establishments may require management consultants to be certified by a provincial management consulting association.

Certification as a quality auditor may be required for some occupations in this unit group.

Occupations in health information management consulting may require certification by the Canadian Health Information Management Association (CHIMA).

Additional information

Progression to senior and managerial positions is possible with experience.

Classified elsewhere

Business development officers and marketing researchers and consultants (4163)

Economists and economic policy researchers and analysts (4162)

Financial and investment analysts (1112)

Financial auditors and accountants (1111)

Health information management occupations (1252)

Industrial and manufacturing engineers (2141)

Other financial officers (1114)

Records management technicians (1253)

Classification Structure – 1

Executive assistants – NOC : 1222

Unit Group

1222 Executive assistants

Executive assistants co-ordinate administrative procedures, public relations activities and research and analysis functions for members of legislative assemblies, ministers, deputy ministers, corporate officials and executives, committees and boards of directors. They are employed by governments, corporations and associations.

Example Titles

committee clerk

corporate secretary

executive assistant

legislative assistant

View all titles

Main duties

Executive assistants perform some or all of the following duties:

Establish and co-ordinate administrative policies and procedures for officials, committees and boards of directors

Analyze incoming and outgoing memoranda, submissions and reports and prepare and co-ordinate the preparation and submission of summary briefs and reports to executives, committees and boards of directors

Prepare agendas and make arrangements for committee, board and other meetings

Conduct research, compile data, and prepare papers for consideration and presentation by executives, committees and boards of directors

Meet with individuals, special interest groups and others on behalf of executives, committees and boards of directors to discuss issues and assess and recommend various courses of action

Liaise with departmental and corporate officials and with other organizations and associations on behalf of executives, committees and boards of directors.

Employment requirements

Completion of secondary school is required.

A bachelor’s degree in public administration, political science or a related discipline is usually required.

Experience in a related administrative occupation is usually required.

Classified elsewhere

Administrative officers (1221)

Conference and event planners (1226)

Executive secretaries (in 1241 Administrative assistants )

Classification Structure – 1

Property administrators – NOC : 1224

Unit Group

1224 Property administrators

Property administrators perform administrative duties and co-ordinate activities related to the management and rental of investment property and real estate on behalf of property and strata property owners. They are employed by property, real estate and strata services management companies, property development companies and by government.

Example Titles

accommodation officer

apartment rental agent

housing project manager

leasing co-ordinator, property

property administrator

property rentals manager

View all titles

Main duties

Property administrators perform some or all of the following duties:

Negotiate or approve rental or lease of various properties in a portfolio on behalf of property owners and ensure that terms of lease agreement are met

Prepare and administer contracts for provision of property services, such as cleaning and maintenance, security services and alarm systems

Co-ordinate the implementation of repairs, maintenance and renovations carried out on buildings and monitor progress and cost of work for property owners

Compile and maintain records on operating expenses and income, prepare reports and review rents to ensure they are at market value

Ensure that trouble calls received from clients or tenants are acted upon

Administer damage deposits

May hire and supervise rental agents, property clerks, building superintendents or other support staff performing operational, clerical or maintenance duties.

Employment requirements

Completion of secondary school is required in all provinces and territories except for British Columbia.

A language proficiency index is required in British Columbia.

Property administrators must be a minimum of nineteen years of age in British Columbia.

Completion of training courses or a vocational program in property or strata management or real estate may be required.

Several years of administrative experience as a property clerk, contract clerk, or administrative officer are usually required.

Strata property managers must hold a licence in British Columbia.

Classified elsewhere

Building superintendents (in 6733 Janitors, caretakers and building superintendents )

Facility operation and maintenance managers (0714)

Real estate agents and salespersons (6232)

Classification Structure – 1

Biologists and related scientists – NOC : 2121

Unit Group

2121 Biologists and related scientists

Biologists and related scientists conduct basic and applied research to extend knowledge of living organisms, to manage natural resources, and to develop new practices and products related to medicine and agriculture. They are employed in both laboratory and field settings by governments, environmental consulting companies, resource and utilities companies, chemical, pharmaceutical and biotechnical companies and health and educational institutions.

Example Titles

anatomist

bacteriologist

bioinformatician

biologist

botanist

cell biologist

ecologist

embryologist

geneticist

histologist

immunologist

marine biologist

microbiologist

molecular biologist

mycologist

parasitologist

pharmacologist

physiologist

protozoologist

toxicologist

virologist

zoologist

View all titles

Main duties

Biologists perform some or all of the following duties:

Plan and conduct studies of the environment, and of the population, distribution, structure and functional characteristics and behaviour of plants and animals

Conduct ecological and environmental impact studies and prepare reports

Study, identify and classify plant and animal specimens

Conduct experiments in plant or animal growth, heredity and breeding

Prepare reports and plans for management of renewable resources

May supervise biological technologists and technicians and other scientists.

Microbiologists and cell and molecular biologists perform some or all of the following duties:

Conduct research into the structure, function, ecology, biotechnology and genetics of micro-organisms, including bacteria, fungi, protozoans, and algae

Conduct research into the structure and functioning of human, animal and plant tissues and cells

Conduct studies into the identification, effects and control of human, plant and animal pathogens and toxins

Conduct clinical or laboratory studies to test, evaluate and screen drugs, pharmaceuticals and nanoparticles used in biomedical applications

Conduct molecular or biochemical studies and experiments in genetic expression, gene manipulation and recombinant DNA technology to develop new or alternative methods of producing products

Conduct research in biotechnology to discover, develop and refine, and evaluate new products

May participate in the commercialization of new products

May supervise biological technologists and technicians and other scientists

May conduct biostatistical data analysis using computer modelling techniques.

Biologists and related scientists may specialize at the macroscopic level, in fields such as botany, zoology, ecology and marine biology or, at the cellular and molecular level, in fields such as genetics, immunology, pharmacology, toxicology, physiology, pathology, bacteriology, virology, biotechnology and bioinformatics.

Employment requirements

A bachelor’s degree in biology or in a related discipline is required for biologists.

A master’s or doctoral degree in biology or a related discipline is required for employment as a research scientist in biology.

Post-doctoral research experience is usually required before employment in academic departments or research institutions.

Classified elsewhere

Architecture and science managers (0212)

Biochemists (in 2112 Chemists )

Specialists in laboratory medicine (in 3111 Specialist physicians )

Classification Structure – 2