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Financial and investment analysts – NOC : 1112

Unit Group
1111 Financial auditors and accountants
Financial auditors examine and analyze the accounting and financial records of individuals and establishments to ensure accuracy and compliance with established accounting standards and procedures. Accountants plan, organize and administer accounting systems for individuals and establishments. Articling students in accounting firms are included in this unit group. Financial auditors and accountants are employed by auditing and accounting firms throughout the private and public sectors, or they may be self-employed.
Example Titles
accountant
certified general accountant (CGA)
certified management accountant (CMA)
chartered accountant (CA)
chief accountant
financial auditor
income tax expert
industrial accountant
internal auditor
View all titles
Main duties
Financial auditors perform some or all of the following duties:
Examine and analyze journal and ledger entries, bank statements, inventories, expenditures, tax returns and other accounting and financial records, documents and systems of individuals, departments within organizations, businesses or other establishments to ensure financial recording accuracy and compliance with established accounting standards, procedures and internal controls
Prepare detailed reports on audit findings and make recommendations to improve individual or establishment’s accounting and management practices
Conduct field audits of businesses to ensure compliance with provisions of the Income Tax Act, Canadian Business Corporations Act or other statutory requirements
May supervise other auditors or professionals in charge of accounting within client’s establishment.
Accountants perform some or all of the following duties:
Plan, set up and administer accounting systems and prepare financial information for individuals, departments within organizations, businesses and other establishments
Examine accounting records and prepare financial statements and reports
Develop and maintain cost finding, reporting and internal control procedures
Examine financial accounts and records and prepare income tax returns from accounting records
Analyze financial statements and reports and provide financial, business and tax advice
May act as a trustee in bankruptcy proceedings
May supervise and train articling students, other accountants or administrative technicians.
Employment requirements
Chartered accountants require a university degree 
and
Completion of a professional training program approved by a provincial institute of chartered accountants and, depending on the province, either two years or 30 months of on-the-job training 
and
Membership in a provincial Institute of Chartered Accountants upon successful completion of the Uniform Evaluation (UFE).
Certified general accountants and certified management accountants require a university degree 
and
Completion of a training program approved by the Society of Certified General Accountants or Society of Management Accountants and several years of on-the-job training 
and
Certification by the Certified General Accountants Association or the Society of Management Accountants.
Auditors require education, training and recognition as indicated for chartered accountants, certified general accountants or certified management accountants 
and
Some experience as an accountant.
Auditors may require recognition by the Institute of Internal Auditors.
To act as a trustee in bankruptcy proceedings, auditors and accountants must hold a licence as a trustee in bankruptcy.
Licensing by the provincial or territorial governing body is usually required for accountants and auditors practising public accounting.
Additional information
There is limited mobility among the three professional accounting designations of chartered accountant (CA), certified general accountant (CGA) and certified management accountant (CMA).
Progression to auditing or accounting management positions is possible with experience.
Classified elsewhere
Accounting technicians and bookkeepers (1311)
Financial managers (0111)
Program or other non-financial auditors (in 416 Policy and program researchers, consultants and officers )
Classification Structure – 1 

Other financial officers – NOC : 1114

Unit Group
1114 Other financial officers
This unit group includes professional occupations in finance not elsewhere classified such as financial planners, financial examiners and inspectors, financial investigators, financial underwriters, mortgage brokers and trust officers. They are employed by banks, trust companies, investment firms and governments, or they may be self-employed.
Example Titles
account manager
credit adjudicator
credit unions examiner
estate and trust administrator
financial investigator
financial planner
financial underwriter
inspector, financial institutions
mortgage broker
trust officer
View all titles
Main duties
The following is a summary of main duties for some occupations in this unit group:
Financial planners develop personal financial plans for clients covering cash management, finances, insurance coverage, investments, retirement and estate planning, taxes and legal matters; analyze clients’ financial records, set goals and develop a financial strategy; advise clients on implementing the financial plan to help them achieve their goals; may also arrange for the purchase and sale of financial products and investments depending on the licence held, and monitor the portfolio to ensure its quality and profitability; and help to expand business and attract new clients.
Financial examiners and inspectors review and examine banks, trust companies, credit unions, caisses populaires, credit companies, real estate companies, insurance companies, pension funds, securities brokers and other financial services and institutions to ensure compliance with governing legislation and regulations.
Financial investigators investigate possible unethical conduct or breaches of securities or commodity futures laws by persons or companies that trade in securities and commodity futures or that provide related financial services.
Financial underwriters underwrite new issues of stocks and bonds, negotiate with corporations and governments to determine the type and terms of new securities issued and prepare offering prospectuses.
Trust officers administer estate, personal, charitable, corporate and other types of trusts, direct trust account investments, receive and record investment income and disburse trust funds.
Mortgage brokers meet with clients to obtain information about income, liabilities and assets, and type, price and condition of property to be mortgaged, and negotiate mortgage loans with lenders or lending institutions on behalf of clients.
Employment requirements
A bachelor’s degree in business administration, commerce, economics or a related field is usually required.
Various training programs and courses are offered by financial institutes and organizations, such as the Canadian Securities Institute, Institute of Canadian Bankers, Institute of Chartered Financial Analysts, Investment Funds Institute, Canadian Institute of Financial Planning, and Trust Companies Institute of Canada, and may be required by employers.
The designation Personal Financial Planner, awarded by the Financial Planners Standards Council of Canada, may be required.
Financial planners who sell regulated financial products and investments, such as annuities, RRSPs and life insurance, are required to be licensed by the appropriate governing body.
Financial examiners and inspectors may require a recognized accounting designation.
Mortgage brokers require a real estate licence in Quebec and a mortgage broker licence in Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia.

Additional information
Progression to financial management positions is possible with experience.
While these kinds of positions require a high degree of training and qualifications, persons who occupy them must continually update their skills and pursue professional development.

Classified elsewhere
Economic development officers (in 4163 Business development officers and marketing researchers and consultants )
Economists (in 4162 Economists and economic policy researchers and analysts )
Financial and investment analysts (1112)
Managers in financial and business services (012)
Securities agents, investment dealers and brokers (1113)
Classification Structure – 1 

Advertising, marketing and public relations managers – NOC : 0124

Unit Group
0124 Advertising, marketing and public relations managers
Advertising, marketing and public relations managers plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate the activities of establishments and departments involved in commercial, industrial and e-business advertising, marketing and public relations. They are employed by commercial and industrial establishments, government departments, and advertising, marketing and public relations firms or consulting businesses.
Example Titles
Internet communications manager
Web communications manager
Web marketing manager
advertising director
advertising manager
director, communications
director, media relations
director, public relations
fundraising campaign manager
manager, e-business
marketing manager
promotions manager
sales and marketing manager
View all titles
Main duties
Advertising, marketing, public relations and e-business managers perform some or all of the following duties:
Advertising managers plan, direct and evaluate the activities of firms and departments that develop and implement advertising campaigns to promote the sales of products and services.
Marketing managers establish distribution networks for products and services, initiate market research studies and analyze their findings, assist in product development, and direct and evaluate the marketing strategies of establishments.
Public relations managers direct and evaluate establishments and departments that develop and implement communication strategies and information programs, publicize activities and events, and maintain media relations on behalf of businesses, governments and other organizations.
E-business managers plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate the design, development and maintenance of Internet and Intranet sites to manage an organization’s Internet presence including public relations, communications and commercial activities.
Employment requirements
Advertising and public relations managers
A university degree or college diploma in communications, public relations, marketing, journalism or in a related field 
and
Several years of experience in an advertising, public relations or communications officer position or in a related occupation are required.
Marketing managers
A university degree or college diploma in business administration or in a related field with a specialization in sales or marketing 
and
Several years of experience as a sales, marketing or public relations representative or in a related occupation are required.
E-business managers
A university degree or college diploma in a field related to electronic commerce, Web site content development, or Internet services 
and
Experience in Web site design, interactive media development, data administration or information systems analysis or experience related to Web site content are usually required.

Additional information
Progression to senior management positions is possible with experience.

Classified elsewhere
Corporate sales managers (0601)
Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations (1123)
Retail and wholesale trade managers (0621)
Retail sales supervisors (6211)
Senior managers – trade, broadcasting and other services, n.e.c. (0015)
Supervisors of technical salespersons (in 6221 Technical sales specialists – wholesale trade )
Wholesale trade representatives supervisors (in 6411 Sales and account representatives – wholesale trade (non-technical) )
Classification Structure – 0 

Corporate sales managers – NOC : 0601

Unit Group
0601 Corporate sales managers
Corporate sales managers plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate the activities of establishments and departments involved in commercial, industrial, institutional, e-business and wholesale and retail sales. They are employed by commercial, industrial and wholesale and retail trade establishments.
Example Titles
corporate sales manager
manager, trade expansion
national accounts manager – sales
regional sales manager
View all titles
Main duties
Corporate sales managers perform some or all of the following duties:
Plan direct and evaluate the activities of sales departments in commercial, industrial, wholesale and retail and other establishments
Organize regional and divisional sales operations
Establish organizational policies and procedures in relation to sales
Determine strategic planning related to new product lines
Lead sales team in building relationships with business clients and manage negotiations of sales contracts
Recruit, organize, train and manage staff
May work with the marketing department to understand and communicate marketing messages to the field.
Employment requirements
A university degree or college diploma in business or in a related field with a specialization in sales 
and
Several years of experience as a sales representative or in a related occupation are usually required.

Additional information
Progression to senior management positions is possible with experience.

Classified elsewhere
Advertising, marketing and public relations managers (0124)
Retail and wholesale trade managers (0621)
Senior managers – trade, broadcasting and other services, n.e.c. (0015)
Supervisors of technical salespersons (in 6221 Technical sales specialists – wholesale trade )
Classification Structure – 0 

Managers in customer and personal services, n.e.c. – NOC : 0651

Unit Group
0651 Managers in customer and personal services, n.e.c.
This unit group includes managers of establishments that provide services not elsewhere classified, such as dry cleaning, hairdressing or residential cleaning. This group also includes managers of schools that provide non-vocational instruction in driving, languages, music, dance, art, cooking or fashion.
Example Titles
barber shop manager
car wash manager
cooking school manager
driving school manager
dry cleaning service manager
hairdressing salon manager
manager, residential cleaning service
manager, septic tank service
manager, window washing service
pest control service manager
spa manager
View all titles
Main duties
Managers in this unit group perform some or all of the following duties:
Plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate the operations of an establishment providing services such as dry cleaning, hairdressing or residential cleaning, or a school providing non-vocational instruction in driving, languages, music, dance, art, cooking or fashion
Establish or implement policies and procedures for staff
Plan and control budget and inventory
Respond to inquiries or complaints and resolve problems
Manage contracts for advertising or marketing strategies
Hire, train and supervise staff.
Employment requirements
Completion of secondary school is usually required.
A college diploma or vocational certificate in the subject of instruction may be required.
One to three years of experience in the service being offered are usually required.

Classified elsewhere
Accommodation service managers (0632)
Cleaning supervisors (6315)
Executive housekeepers (6312)
Other business services managers (0125)
Retail and wholesale trade managers (0621)
Retail sales supervisors (6211)
Classification Structure – 0 

Senior government managers and officials – NOC : 0012

Unit Group
0012 Senior government managers and officials
Senior government managers and officials plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate, through middle managers, the major activities of municipal or regional governments or of provincial, territorial or federal departments, boards, agencies or commissions. They establish the direction to be taken by these organizations in accordance with legislation and policies made by elected representatives or legislative bodies.
Example Titles
assistant deputy minister
chairperson, Human Rights Commission
chief administrative officer – regional municipality
chief statistician – government services
city administrator
deputy minister
director general – government services
executive director – government services
high commissioner
ambassador
assistant chief statistician – government services
assistant deputy minister
assistant deputy minister – government services
assistant executive director – government services
assistant general director – government services
assistant undersecretary of state
band manager – First Nations
chairman/woman – government services
chairperson – government services
chairperson, Human Rights Commission
chief – disaster management
chief administrative officer – government services
chief administrative officer – regional municipality
chief electoral officer
chief statistician – government services
city administrator
city hall clerk
city manager
city superintendent
clerk of the House of Commons
Clerk of the Privy Council
commissioner – government services
commissioner of inquiries
commissioner of inquiries – government services
commissioner, territorial
comptroller general of Canada
consul
council secretary – government services
county clerk
deputy commissioner – government services
deputy minister
deputy minister – government services
deputy municipal clerk
deputy provincial secretary – government services
director general – government services
employment insurance appeals board chairperson
employment insurance commissioner
executive administrator – government agency
executive administrator – government department
executive director – emergency preparedness
executive director – government services
fire marshal
First Nations band manager
general manager – government services
general secretary – government services
government agency commissioner
government agency president
government agency senior administrator
grain commissioner
health commissioner
high commissioner
highway commissioner
Human Rights Commission chairperson
inspector general of financial institutions
liquor commissioner
local government manager
manager – First Nations
municipal administrator
ombudsperson – government services
parole board chairman/woman
president – government services
railroad commissioner
receiver general for Canada
regional municipality general director
secretary to the council – government services
senior administrator, government agency
sergeant-at-arms, House of Commons
superintendent of financial institutions
territorial commissioner
town clerk
township clerk
trade commissioner
undersecretary of state
vice-consul
vice-president – government services
Main duties
Senior government managers and officials perform some or all of the following duties:
Establish objectives for the organization in accordance with government legislation and policy, formulate or approve and evaluate programs and procedures alone or in conjunction with senior government committees
Advise elected representatives on policy questions and refer major policy matters to these representatives for final decision
Recommend, review, evaluate and approve documents, briefs and reports submitted by middle managers and senior staff members
Ensure appropriate systems and procedures are developed and implemented to provide budgetary control
Co-ordinate department activities with other senior government managers and officials
Make presentations to legislative and other government committees regarding policies, programs or budgets.
Employment requirements
A university degree or college diploma is usually required.
A graduate degree in a related field may be required.
Several years of managerial experience in the public or private sector are required.
Additional information
There is mobility among senior management occupations.
Classified elsewhere
Legislators (0011)
Middle managers in government (in 041 Managers in public administration )
Classification Structure – 0 

Senior managers – health, education, social and community services and membership organizations – NOC : 0014

Unit Group

0113 Purchasing managers

Purchasing managers plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate the activities of a purchasing department and develop and implement the purchasing policies of a business or institution. They are employed throughout the public and private sectors.

Example Titles

  • contract manager

  • food purchasing manager

  • manager, purchasing contracts

  • material manager

  • procurement director

  • purchasing director

  • supply chain logistics manager

  • building supplies purchasing manager

  • chief, purchasing

  • clothing purchasing director

  • clothing purchasing manager

  • contract director

  • contract manager

  • director, procurement operations

  • director, purchasing

  • director, supply management

  • electronic components purchasing chief

  • electronic components purchasing director

  • electronic components purchasing manager

  • equipment manager

  • food purchasing director

  • food purchasing manager

  • hardware purchasing director

  • hardware purchasing manager

  • manager, procurement

  • manager, purchasing contracts

  • material and services purchasing manager

  • material manager

  • merchandise purchasing director

  • merchandise purchasing manager

  • office equipment purchasing manager

  • procurement director

  • procurement manager

  • procurement operations director

  • purchasing chief

  • purchasing contracts director

  • purchasing contracts manager

  • purchasing director

  • purchasing manager

  • supply chain director

  • supply chain logistics manager

  • supply chain manager

  • supply chief

  • supply service chief

  • supply-management director

Main duties

  • Purchasing managers perform some or all of the following duties:

  • Plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate the purchasing activities of an establishment

  • Develop purchasing policies and procedures and control purchasing department budget

  • Identify vendors of materials, equipment or supplies

  • Evaluate cost and quality of goods or services

  • Negotiate or oversee the negotiation of purchase contracts

  • Participate in the development of specifications for equipment, products or substitute materials

  • Review and process claims against suppliers

  • Interview, hire and oversee training of staff.

Employment requirements

  • A bachelor’s degree or college diploma in business administration, commerce or economics is usually required.

  • Purchasing managers responsible for units purchasing specialized materials or business services may require a related degree or diploma. For example, a bachelor’s degree or college diploma in engineering may be required for purchasing managers responsible for purchasing industrial products.

  • The designation Supply Chain Management Professional (S.C.M.P.) or registration in the educational program of the Purchasing Management Association of Canada may be required.

  • Several years of experience as a purchasing agent or officer are required.

Classified elsewhere

  • Purchasing agents and officers (1225)

  • Retail and wholesale buyers (6222)

  • Warehouse managers (in 0714 Facility operation and maintenance managers )

Classification Structure – 0

Securities agents, investment dealers and brokers – NOC : 1113

Unit Group
1113 Securities agents, investment dealers and brokers
Securities agents and investment dealers buy and sell stocks, bonds, treasury bills, mutual funds and other securities for individual investors, pension fund managers, banks, trust companies, insurance firms and other establishments. Brokers buy and sell stocks, bonds, commodity futures, foreign currencies and other securities at stock exchanges on behalf of investment dealers. They are employed by investment companies, stock brokerage firms, stock and commodity exchanges and other establishments in the securities industry.
Example Titles
agent, securities
bond dealer
broker
commodity broker
discount broker
floor trader – commodity exchange
foreign exchange trader
investment dealer
mutual fund broker
mutual fund sales representative
registered investment representative
securities sales agent
securities trader
stockbroker
supervisor, registered representatives
View all titles
Main duties
Securities agents and investment dealers perform some or all of the following duties:
Develop long-term relationships with their clients by preparing investment strategies to help them achieve their financial goals, offering advice and information on various investments to guide them in managing their portfolios
Review financial periodicals, stock and bond reports, business publications and other material, and develop a network within the financial industry to gather relevant information and identify potential investments for clients
Carry out investment orders by buying and selling stocks, bonds, treasury bills, mutual funds and other securities for individual investors, pension fund managers or companies such as banks, trust companies and insurance firms
Monitor clients’ investment portfolios and ensure that investment transactions are carried out according to industry regulations.
Brokers perform some or all of the following duties:
Buy and sell stocks, bonds, commodity futures, foreign currencies and other securities at stock exchanges on behalf of investment dealers
Develop trading strategies by reviewing investment information and monitoring market conditions from the exchange floor and through contact with trading departments of other investment firms, pension fund managers and investment company financial analysts
Make bids and offers to buy and sell securities and complete details of sales on exchange trade tickets
Prepare reviews of portfolios’ positions.
Employment requirements
A bachelor’s or master’s degree in economics, business or other discipline is usually required.
Securities sales representatives and brokers require completion of industry investment and sales training programs and completion of the Canadian Securities course and the Registered Representative Manual Exam offered by the Canadian Securities Institute.
Specialized courses are also available for securities sales representatives and brokers who want to trade in specific investment products such as securities options and futures contracts.
Licensure by the provincial securities commission in the province of employment is required for securities agents, investment dealers and brokers.
Additional information
Progression to related management positions is possible with experience.

Classified elsewhere
Financial and investment analysts (1112)
Financial brokerage managers (in 0121 Insurance, real estate and financial brokerage managers )
Other financial officers (1114)
Classification Structure – 1 

Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations – NOC : 1123

Unit Group
1123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations
This unit group includes specialists in advertising, marketing and public relations who analyse, develop and implement communication and promotion strategies and information programs, analyse advertising needs and develop appropriate advertising and marketing plans, publicize activities and events, and maintain media relations on behalf of businesses, governments and other organizations, and for performers, athletes, writers and other talented individuals. They are employed by consulting firms, advertising agencies, corporations, associations, government, social agencies, museums, galleries, public interest groups, and cultural and other organizations, or they may be self-employed. Agents such as entertainment, literary and sports agents are included in this unit group.
Example Titles
advertising consultant
communications officer
communications specialist
event marketing specialist
fundraising consultant
information officer
literary agent
media co-ordinator
media relations officer
museum educator
performers agent
press secretary
public affairs officer
public relations consultant
public relations officer
publicist
publicity agent
View all titles
Main duties
Specialists in advertising, marketing and public relations perform some or all of the following duties:
Assess characteristics of products or services to be promoted and advise on the advertising needs of an establishment
Advise clients on advertising or sales promotion strategies
Develop and implement advertising campaigns appropriate for print or electronic media
Gather, research and prepare communications material for internal and external audiences
Develop, implement and evaluate communications strategies and programs designed to inform clients, employees and the general public of initiatives and policies of businesses, governments and other organizations
Conduct public opinion and attitude surveys to identify the interests and concerns of key groups served by their organization
Prepare or oversee preparation of reports, briefs, bibliographies, speeches, presentations, Web sites and press releases
Develop and organize workshops, meetings, ceremonies and other events for publicity, fundraising and information purposes
Prepare and deliver educational and publicity programs and informational materials to increase awareness of museums, galleries and other tourist attractions
Initiate and maintain contact with the media
Arrange interviews and news conferences
Act as spokesperson for an organization and answer written and oral inquiries
Co-ordinate special publicity events and promotions for internal and external audiences
Assist in the preparation of brochures, reports, newsletters and other material
Represent and act as an agent for talented individuals or individuals with specific occupational expertise
Prepare or oversee preparation of sports, literary, performance or other contracts.
Literary agents specialize in representing specific types of authors and writers. Performance agents specialize in representing singers, musicians, actors or other performers. Sports agents specialize in representing specific athletes or sports teams.

Employment requirements
A university degree or college diploma in business marketing, public relations, communications, journalism, museology or a discipline related to a particular subject matter is usually required.
Practitioners in public relations may require an APR (Accredited in Public Relations) designation.

Additional information
Progression to managerial positions in public relations, communications and fundraising is possible with additional training and experience.

Classified elsewhere
Authors and writers (5121)
Conference and event planners (1226)
Marketing consultants (in 4163 Business development officers and marketing researchers and consultants )
Public relations managers (in 0124 Advertising, marketing and public relations managers )
Classification Structure – 1 

Insurance adjusters and claims examiners – NOC : 1312

Unit Group
1312 Insurance adjusters and claims examiners
Insurance adjusters investigate insurance claims and determine the amount of loss or damages covered by insurance policies. They are employed in claims departments of insurance companies or as independent adjusters. Insurance claims examiners examine claims investigated by insurance adjusters and authorize payments. They are employed at head offices or branches of insurance companies.
Example Titles
adjuster
claims examiner
claims representative
insurance adjuster
View all titles
Main duties
Insurance adjusters perform some or all of the following duties:
Investigate circumstances surrounding insurance claims to determine validity of claim
Inspect automobile, home or other property damage
Take statements and consult with claimants, accident witnesses, doctors and other relevant individuals and examine records or reports
Determine amount of loss or damages covered by insurance policies
Negotiate settlement of claims
Prepare adjustment reports.
Insurance claims examiners perform some or all of the following duties:
Review, examine, calculate and authorize insurance claims investigated by insurance adjusters
Examine adjusters’ reports and similar insurance claims or precedents to determine extent of insurance coverage
Ensure claims are valid and settlements are made according to company practices and procedures
Consult lawyers, doctors or other relevant individuals to discuss insurance claims
Approve automobile, fire, life, disability, dental or other insurance claims.
Employment requirements
Completion of secondary school is required.
A bachelor’s degree, college diploma or some post-secondary education 
or
Several years of experience as a clerk in the claims department or other general insurance experience are required.
Several years of on-the-job training and completion of insurance industry courses and training programs are required.
Independent adjusters require a provincial licence issued by the Superintendent of Insurance in the province or territory of employment.

Additional information
Completion of educational programs through the Insurance Institute of Canada or its provincial counterparts entitles insurance adjusters and claims examiners to professional recognition as a Chartered Insurance Professional (CIP), and with additional university courses, as a Fellow Chartered Insurance Professional (FCIP).

Classified elsewhere
Supervisors, finance and insurance office workers (1212)
Classification Structure – 1