Underground production and development miners – NOC : 8231

Unit Group

8231 Underground production and development miners

Underground production and development miners drill, blast, operate mining machinery, and perform related duties to extract coal and ore in underground mines and to construct tunnels, passageways and shafts to facilitate mining operations. They are employed by coal, metal and non-metallic mineral underground mines and by specialized contractors in mine construction, shaft sinking and tunnelling.

Example Titles

blaster – underground mining

chute blaster – underground mining

diamond driller – underground mining

drift miner

driller – underground mining

hardrock miner apprentice

hoist operator – underground mining

miner

mining machine operator

powderman/woman – underground mining

raise miner

roadheader operator

scooptram operator

shaft inspector

View all titles

Main duties

Underground production and development miners perform some or all of the following duties:

Set up and operate drills and drilling machines to produce a designated pattern of blasting holes
Operate diamond drills or other specialized drills such as raise boring machinery to test geological formations or to produce underground passageways
Set up and operate mining machinery to shear coal, rock or ore from the working face
Load explosives, set fuses, and detonate explosives to produce desired blasting patterns and rock fragmentation in underground mines
Operate scooptram, load-haul-dump (LHD) machine or mucking machine to load and haul ore from stopes, drifts and drawpoints to ore passes
Perform duties required to ensure safety and to support the mining advance, such as scaling loose rock from walls and roof, drilling and installing rock bolts, extending and installing air and water pipes, operating ore loading machinery, inspecting mine shafts, operating hoists that transport people, equipment and materials through mine shafts, and constructing timber supports and cribbing if required
Perform routine maintenance of mining machinery.

Employment requirements

Completion of secondary school is usually required.
Formal training of up to six weeks followed by extended periods of specialized training as a helper or in support occupations is usually provided.
Previous experience as a mine labourer or in other mine occupations is usually required.
Provincial blasting licence may be required.
May be certified in the basic common core program or as an underground hard rock miner in Ontario.
Trade certification for miners is available, but voluntary, in Quebec and Manitoba.
Company licensing or certification is often required for occupations in this unit group.
Certificate in first aid may be required.

Additional information

Mobility is possible to other occupational groups in underground mining such as underground service and support occupations.
There is mobility between employers within each of the three following sectors: underground coal mining, underground hard rock mining and underground potash, salt or soft rock mining.
Mobility between these sectors is somewhat limited by differences in production technologies.
Progression to mining supervisor is possible with experience.

Classified elsewhere

Drillers and blasters – surface mining, quarrying and construction (7372)
Mine labourers (8614)
Supervisors, mining and quarrying (8221)
Underground mine service and support workers (8411)

Electrical and electronics engineers – NOC : 2133

Unit Group

2133 Electrical and electronics engineers

Electrical and electronics engineers design, plan, research, evaluate and test electrical and electronic equipment and systems. They are employed by electrical utilities, communications companies, manufacturers of electrical and electronic equipment, consulting firms, and by a wide range of manufacturing, processing and transportation industries and government.

Example Titles

avionics engineer

control systems engineer

design engineer, electrical

distribution planning engineer, electrical

electrical engineer

electrical network engineer

electronics engineer

instrumentation and control engineer

planning engineer, electrical systems

process control engineer, electrical

roadway lighting design engineer

television systems engineer

test engineer, electronics

View all titles

Main duties

Electrical and electronics engineers perform some or all of the following duties:
Conduct research into the feasibility, design, operation and performance of electrical generation and distribution networks, electrical machinery and components and electronic communications, instrumentation and control systems, equipment, and components
Prepare material cost and timing estimates, reports and design specifications for electrical and electronic systems and equipment
Design electrical and electronic circuits, components, systems and equipment
Conduct micro or nanodevices simulations, characterization, process modeling and integration in the development of new electronic devices and products
Supervise and inspect the installation, modification, testing and operation of electrical and electronic systems and equipment
Develop maintenance and operating standards for electrical and electronic systems and equipment
Investigate electrical or electronic failures
Prepare contract documents and evaluate tenders for construction or maintenance
Supervise technicians, technologists, programmers, analysts and other engineers.
Electrical and electronics engineers may specialize in a number of areas including electrical design for residential, commercial or industrial installations, electrical power generation and transmission, and instrumentation and control systems.

Employment requirements

A bachelor’s degree in electrical or electronics engineering or in an appropriate related engineering discipline is required.
A master’s or doctoral degree in a related engineering discipline may be required.
Licensing by a provincial or territorial association of professional engineers is required to approve engineering drawings and reports and to practise as a Professional Engineer (P.Eng.).
Engineers are eligible for registration following graduation from an accredited educational program, and after three or four years of supervised work experience in engineering and passing a professional practice examination.
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification is offered by the Canada Green Building Council and may be required by some employers.

Additional information

Supervisory and senior positions in this unit group require experience.

Engineers often work in a multidisciplinary environment and acquire knowledge and skills through work experience that may allow them to practise in associated areas of science, engineering, sales, marketing or management.

Classified elsewhere

Computer and information systems managers (0213)

Computer engineers (except software engineers and designers) (2147)

Electrical and electronics engineering technologists and technicians (2241)

Engineering managers (0211)

Software engineers and designers (2173)

Classification Structure – 2

Mining engineers – NOC : 2143

Unit Group

2143 Mining engineers

Mining engineers plan, design, organize and supervise the development of mines, mine facilities, systems and equipment; and prepare and supervise the extraction of metallic or non-metallic minerals and ores from underground or surface mines. Mining engineers are employed by mining companies, consulting engineering companies, manufacturers, government and in educational and research institutions.

Example Titles

mine design engineer

mine development engineer

mine layout engineer

mine production engineer

mine safety engineer

mine ventilation engineer

mineral engineer

mining engineer

View all titles

Main duties

Mining engineers perform some or all of the following duties:
Conduct preliminary surveys and studies of ore, mineral or coal deposits to assess the economic and environmental feasibility of potential mining operations
Determine the appropriate means of safely and efficiently mining deposits
Determine and advise on appropriate drilling and blasting methods for mining, construction or demolition
Design shafts, ventilation systems, mine services, haulage systems and supporting structures
Design, develop and implement computer applications such as for mine design, mine modelling, mapping or for monitoring mine conditions
Plan and design or select mining equipment and machinery and mineral treatment machinery and equipment in collaboration with other engineering specialists
Plan, organize and supervise the development of mines and mine structures and the operation and maintenance of mines
Prepare operations and project estimates, schedules and reports
Implement and co-ordinate mine safety programs
Supervise and co-ordinate the work of technicians, technologists, survey personnel, and other engineers and scientists.

Employment requirements

A bachelor’s degree in mining engineering or in a related engineering discipline is required.
A master’s degree or doctorate in a related engineering discipline may be required.
Licensing by a provincial or territorial association of professional engineers is required to approve engineering drawings and reports and to practise as a Professional Engineer (P.Eng.).
Engineers are eligible for registration following graduation from an accredited educational program, and after three or four years of supervised work experience in engineering and passing a professional practice examination.

Additional information

Supervisory and senior positions in this unit group require experience.
Mining engineers work closely with geologists, geological engineers, metallurgical engineers, and other engineers and scientists, and mobility is possible between some fields of specialization.
Engineers often work in a multidisciplinary environment and acquire knowledge and skills through work experience that may allow them to practise in associated areas of science, engineering, sales, marketing or management.

Classified elsewhere

Engineering managers (0211)
Geological engineers (2144)
Geoscientists and oceanographers (2113)
Metallurgical and materials engineers (2142)
Mine managers (in 0811 Managers in natural resources production and fishing )
Petroleum engineers (2145)

Petroleum engineers – NOC : 2145

Unit Group

2145 Petroleum engineers

Petroleum engineers conduct studies for the exploration, development and extraction of oil and gas deposits; and plan, design, develop and supervise projects for the drilling, completion, testing and re-working of oil and gas wells. They are employed by petroleum producing companies, consulting companies, well logging or testing companies, government, and research and educational institutions.

Example Titles

drilling engineer, oil and gas

petroleum engineer

petroleum engineer, completion

production engineer, oil and gas

reservoir engineer, petroleum

subsea engineer

View all titles

Main duties

Petroleum engineers perform some or all of the following duties:
Conduct feasibility assessment studies for developing new oil and gas fields
Direct and monitor oil and gas drilling operations
Develop drilling programs, select sites and specify drilling fluids, bit selection, drill stem testing procedures and equipment
Direct and monitor the completion and evaluation of wells, well testing and well surveys
Design and select artificial lift machinery, and well and surface production equipment and systems, and specify programs for corrosion control and oil or gas treatment
Develop specifications for and monitor and supervise well modification and stimulation programs to maximize oil and gas recovery
Analyze reservoir rock and fluid data to design optimum recovery methods and to predict reservoir performance and reserves
Monitor and forecast oil and gas reservoir performance and recommend oil recovery techniques which extend the economic life of wells
Design, develop and co-ordinate the installation, maintenance and operation of subsea well-head and production equipment.

Petroleum engineers may specialize in drilling, production, reservoir analysis or subsea operations.

Employment requirements

A bachelor’s degree in petroleum engineering or in a related engineering discipline is required.
A master’s degree or doctorate in a related engineering discipline may be required.
Licensing by a provincial or territorial association of professional engineers is required to approve engineering drawings and reports and to practise as a Professional Engineer (P.Eng.).
Engineers are eligible for registration following graduation from an accredited educational program, and after three or four years of supervised work experience in engineering and passing a professional practice examination.

Additional information

There is mobility between petroleum engineering specializations at the less senior levels.
Supervisory and senior positions in this unit group require experience.
Engineers often work in a multidisciplinary environment and acquire knowledge and skills through work experience that may allow them to practise in associated areas of science, engineering, sales, marketing or management.

Classified elsewhere

Chemical engineers (2134)
Contractors and supervisors, oil and gas drilling and services (8222)
Engineering managers (0211)
Geological engineers (2144)
Geoscientists and oceanographers (2113)

Industrial and manufacturing engineers – NOC : 2141

Unit Group

2141 Industrial and manufacturing engineers

Industrial and manufacturing engineers conduct studies, and develop and supervise programs to achieve the best use of equipment, human resources, technology, materials and procedures to enhance efficiency and productivity. Industrial and manufacturing engineers are employed in consulting firms, manufacturing and processing companies, in government, financial, health care and other institutions, or they may be self-employed.

Example Titles

engineer, computer integrated manufacturing (CIM)

fire prevention engineer

industrial engineer

manufacturing engineer

plant engineer

production engineer

quality control engineer

safety engineer

work measurement engineer

View all titles

Main duties

Industrial and manufacturing engineers perform some or all of the following duties:
Plan and design plant layouts and facilities
Study new machinery and facilities and recommend or select efficient combinations
Develop flexible or integrated manufacturing systems and procedures
Conduct studies and implement programs to determine optimum inventory levels for production and to allow optimum utilization of machinery, materials and resources
Analyze costs of production
Design, develop and conduct time studies and work simplification programs
Determine human resource and skill requirements and develop training programs
Develop performance standards, evaluation systems and wage and incentive programs
Conduct studies of the reliability and performance of plant facilities and production or administrative systems
Develop maintenance standards, schedules and programs
Establish programs and conduct studies to enhance industrial health and safety or to identify and correct fire and other hazards
Evaluate or assess industrial facilities
Supervise technicians, technologists, analysts, administrative staff and other engineers.

Employment requirements

A bachelor’s degree in industrial engineering or in a related engineering discipline is required.
A master’s degree or doctorate in a related engineering discipline may be required.
Licensing by a provincial or territorial association of professional engineers is required to approve engineering drawings and reports and to practise as a Professional Engineer (P.Eng.).
Engineers are eligible for registration following graduation from an accredited educational program, and after three or four years of supervised work experience in engineering and passing a professional practice examination.

Additional information

Industrial engineers develop and implement organizational and management systems, and manufacturing engineers design production processes.
There is considerable mobility between industrial engineering specializations at the less senior levels.
Supervisory and senior positions in this unit group require experience.
Engineers often work in a multidisciplinary environment and acquire knowledge and skills through work experience that may allow them to practise in associated areas of science, engineering, sales, marketing or management.

Classified elsewhere

Computer engineers (except software engineers and designers) (2147)
Engineering managers (0211)
Mechanical engineers (2132)
Metallurgical and materials engineers (2142)
Organizational analysts (in 1122 Professional occupations in business management consulting )

Architects – NOC : 2151

Unit Group

2151 Architects

Architects conceptualize, plan and develop designs for the construction and renovation of commercial, institutional and residential buildings. They are employed by architectural firms, private corporations and governments, or they may be self-employed.

Example Titles

architect

architectural standards specialist

chief architect

consulting architect

industrial and commercial buildings architect

residential architect

View all titles

Main duties

Architects perform some or all of the following duties:
Consult with clients to determine the type, style and purpose of renovations or new building construction being considered
Conceptualize and design buildings and develop plans describing design specifications, building materials, costs and construction schedules
Prepare sketches and models for clients
Prepare or supervise the preparation of drawings, specifications and other construction documents for use by contractors and tradespersons
Prepare bidding documents, participate in contract negotiations and award construction contracts
Monitor activities on construction sites to ensure compliance with specifications
Conduct feasibility studies and financial analyses of building projects.

Architects may specialize in a particular type of construction such as residential, commercial, industrial or institutional.

Employment requirements

A bachelor’s degree from an accredited school of architecture
or
Completion of the syllabus of studies from the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada (RAIC) is required.
A master’s degree in architecture may be required.
Completion of a three-year internship under the supervision of a registered architect is required.
Completion of the architect registration examination is required.
Registration with the provincial association of architects in the province of work is required.
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification is offered by the Canada Green Building Council and may be required by some employers.

Additional information

Progression to senior positions, such as chief architect, is possible with experience.

Classified elsewhere

Architecture and science managers (0212)
Database architects (in 2172 Database analysts and data administrators )
Landscape architects (2152)
Naval architects (in 2148 Other professional engineers, n.e.c. )
Software architects (in 2173 Software engineers and designers )
Structural engineers (in 2131 Civil engineers )
Technical architects, hardware (in 2147 Computer engineers (except software engineers and designers) )

Land surveyors – NOC : 2154

Unit Group

2154 Land surveyors

Land surveyors plan, direct and conduct legal surveys to establish the location of real property boundaries, contours and other natural or human-made features, and prepare and maintain cross-sectional drawings, official plans, records and documents pertaining to these surveys. They are employed by federal, provincial and municipal governments, private sector land surveying establishments, real estate development, natural resource, engineering and construction firms, or they may be self-employed.

Example Titles

commissioned land surveyor

land surveyor

legal surveyor

professional land surveyor

property surveyor

View all titles

Main duties

Land surveyors perform some or all of the following duties:
Develop survey plans, methods and procedures for conducting legal surveys
Plan, direct and supervise or conduct surveys to establish and mark legal boundaries of properties, parcels of lands, provincial and Canada Lands, Aboriginal land claims, well sites, mining claims, utility rights-of-way, roadways and highways
Survey and lay out subdivisions for rural and urban development
Determine precise locations using electronic distance measuring equipment and global positioning systems (GPS)
Analyze, manage and display data using geographic information systems (GIS) and computer-aided design and drafting (CAD)
Record all measurements and other information obtained during survey activities
Prepare or supervise the preparation and compilation of all data, plans, charts, records and documents related to surveys of real property boundaries
Certify and assume liability for surveys made to establish real property boundaries
Advise, provide consultation and testify as an expert witness on matters related to legal surveys.

Employment requirements

A bachelor’s degree in geomatics engineering or survey engineering
or
A college diploma in survey science or geomatics technology with additional academic credits and successful completion of equivalent examinations set by a regional board of examiners for land surveyors is required.
A one- to three-year articling period is required.
Successful completion of professional land surveyor examinations is required.
A federal or provincial land surveyor’s licence is required.

Additional information

Federal statutes require a separate license from the Association of Canada Land Surveyors to survey areas such as national parks, Aboriginal lands, offshore areas and northern territories.

Classified elsewhere

Engineering managers (0211)
Engineering technologists and technicians who apply geotechnical and topographical information to land use and urban planning (in 2231 Civil engineering technologists and technicians )
Geomatics and survey engineers (in 2131 Civil engineers )
Hydrographic surveyors (in 2113 Geoscientists and oceanographers )
Land survey technologists and technicians (2254)
Technical occupations in geomatics and meteorology (2255)
Urban and land use planners (2153)

Software engineers and designers – NOC : 2173

Unit Group

2173 Software engineers and designers

Software engineers and designers research, design, evaluate, integrate and maintain software applications, technical environments, operating systems, embedded software, information warehouses and telecommunications software. They are employed in information technology consulting firms, information technology research and development firms, and information technology units throughout the private and public sectors, or they may be self-employed.

Example Titles

application architect

computer software engineer

embedded software engineer

software architect

software design engineer

software design verification engineer

software designer

software testing engineer

systems integration engineer – software

technical architect – software

telecommunications software engineer

View all titles

Main duties

Software engineers and designers perform some or all of the following duties:

Collect and document users’ requirements and develop logical and physical specifications
Research, evaluate and synthesize technical information to design, develop and test computer-based systems
Develop data, process and network models to optimize architecture and to evaluate the performance and reliability of designs
Plan, design and co-ordinate the development, installation, integration and operation of computer-based systems
Assess, test, troubleshoot, document, upgrade and develop maintenance procedures for operating systems, communications environments and applications software
May lead and co-ordinate teams of information systems professionals in the development of software and integrated information systems, process control software and other embedded software control systems.

Employment requirements

A bachelor’s degree, usually in computer science, computer systems engineering, software engineering or mathematics
or
Completion of a college program in computer science is usually required.
A master’s or doctoral degree in a related discipline may be required.
Licensing by a provincial or territorial association of professional engineers is required to approve engineering drawings and reports and to practise as a Professional Engineer (P.Eng.).
Engineers are eligible for registration following graduation from an accredited educational program, three or four years of supervised work experience in engineering, and passing a professional practice examination.
Experience as a computer programmer is usually required.

Classified elsewhere

Computer and information systems managers (0213)
Computer engineers (except software engineers and designers) (2147)
Computer programmers and interactive media developers (2174)
Database analysts and data administrators (2172)
Electrical and electronics engineers (2133)
Information systems analysts and consultants (2171)
Information systems testing technicians (2283)
Web designers and developers (2175)

Agricultural and fish products inspectors – NOC : 2222

Unit Group

2222 Agricultural and fish products inspectors

Agricultural and fish products inspectors inspect agricultural and fish products for conformity to prescribed production, storage and transportation standards. They are employed by government departments and agencies and by private sector food processing companies. Supervisors of agricultural and fish products inspectors are also included in this group.

Example Titles

agricultural products inspector

crop certification inspector

dairy products inspector

fish inspector

fish products inspector

fruit and vegetables inspector

grain inspector

livestock inspector

meat inspector

plant protection inspector

poultry inspector

supervisor, agricultural products inspection

supervisor, fish products inspection

View all titles

Main duties

The following is a summary of main duties for some occupations in this unit group:

Fish and fish products inspectors inspect fish, fish products, fish handling and processing methods and prepare reports and ensure that regulations are followed.
Fruit and vegetables inspectors inspect fresh and frozen fruit and vegetables at inspection centres and prepare reports on crop production and market conditions.
Grain inspectors inspect and grade all classes of grain at terminal elevators, monitor the fumigation of infested grain, and examine storage, handling and transportation equipment to ensure that sanitary procedures are followed.
Meat inspectors monitor the operations and sanitary conditions of slaughtering and meat processing plants and inspect carcasses to ensure they are fit for human consumption.
Plant protection inspectors certify seed crops, oversee the quarantine, treatment or destruction of plants and plant products, and the fumigation of plants and plant product imports and exports.

Employment requirements

Completion of secondary school is required.
Government inspectors usually require a bachelor’s degree or college diploma in agriculture, biology, chemistry, food processing technology or a related discipline.
Inspectors (other than government) may require a bachelor’s degree or college diploma in a related discipline.
Several years of experience in agricultural production or fish processing are usually required.
Completion of in-house training courses is required.

Additional information

Progression to managerial positions in this field is possible with experience.

Classified elsewhere

Biological technologists and technicians (2221)
Fish graders and meat graders who perform routine quality control duties or tally landed fish (in 9465 Testers and graders, food, beverage and associated products processing )
Forestry technologists and technicians (2223)
Inspectors in public and environmental health and occupational health and safety (2263)

Forestry technologists and technicians – NOC : 2223

Unit Group

2223 Forestry technologists and technicians

Forestry technologists and technicians may work independently or perform technical and supervisory functions in support of forestry research, forest management, forest harvesting, forest resource conservation and environmental protection. They are employed by the forest industry sector, provincial and federal governments, consulting firms, and other industries and institutions, or they may be self-employed.

Example Titles

conservation technician – forestry

cruising technician – forestry

enforcement officer – forestry

extension ranger – forestry

fire suppression officer – forestry

forest fire technician

forest survey technician

forest technician

forestry technician

forestry technologist

resource officer, forest inventory

resource technician – forestry

scaler technician – logging

scaling co-ordinator – logging

silviculture technician

View all titles

Main duties

Forestry technologists and technicians perform some or all of the following duties:

Conduct, supervise and participate in forest inventory cruises, surveys and field measurements following accepted scientific and operational procedures
Assist and perform technical functions in the preparation of forest management and harvest plans using photogrammetric and mapping techniques and computerized information systems
Assist in planning and supervise construction of access routes and forest roads
Implement, supervise and perform technical functions in silvicultural operations involving site preparation, planting, and tending of tree crops
Co-ordinate activities such as timber scaling, forest fire suppression, disease or insect control or pre-commercial thinning of forest stands
Supervise and perform technical functions in forest harvesting operations
Monitor activities of logging companies and contractors and enforce regulations such as those concerning environmental protection, resource utilization, fire safety and accident prevention
Provide forestry education, advice and recommendations to woodlot owners, community organizations and the general public
Develop and maintain computer databases
Supervise forest tree nursery operations
Provide technical support to forestry research programs in areas such as tree improvement, seed orchard operations, insect and disease surveys or experimental forestry and forest engineering research.

Employment requirements

Completion of a one- to three-year college program in forestry technology or in a renewable resource program or forest ranger program is usually required.
Certification by, or registration with, a provincial association as a forestry technologist or technician may be required.
Certification or licensing as a scaler is required for some positions.
In Quebec, membership in the regulatory body for professional technologists is required to use the title "Professional Technologist."

Additional information

Mobility may be possible to occupations in natural resource and wildlife management and in parks management.

Classified elsewhere

Biological technologists and technicians (2221)
Conservation and fishery officers (2224)
Foresters and forest engineers (in 2122 Forestry professionals )
Supervisors, logging and forestry (8211)